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// Copyright Vespa.ai. Licensed under the terms of the Apache 2.0 license. See LICENSE in the project root.
package ai.vespa.embedding.huggingface;
import ai.vespa.embedding.PoolingStrategy;
import ai.vespa.modelintegration.evaluator.OnnxEvaluator;
import ai.vespa.modelintegration.evaluator.OnnxEvaluatorOptions;
import ai.vespa.modelintegration.evaluator.OnnxRuntime;
import com.yahoo.api.annotations.Beta;
import com.yahoo.component.AbstractComponent;
import com.yahoo.component.annotation.Inject;
import com.yahoo.embedding.huggingface.HuggingFaceEmbedderConfig;
import com.yahoo.language.huggingface.HuggingFaceTokenizer;
import com.yahoo.language.process.Embedder;
import com.yahoo.tensor.IndexedTensor;
import com.yahoo.tensor.Tensor;
import com.yahoo.tensor.TensorAddress;
import com.yahoo.tensor.TensorType;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.BitSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import static com.yahoo.language.huggingface.ModelInfo.TruncationStrategy.LONGEST_FIRST;
@Beta
public class HuggingFaceEmbedder extends AbstractComponent implements Embedder {
private static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(HuggingFaceEmbedder.class.getName());
private final Embedder.Runtime runtime;
private final String inputIdsName;
private final String attentionMaskName;
private final String tokenTypeIdsName;
private final String outputName;
private final boolean normalize;
private final HuggingFaceTokenizer tokenizer;
private final OnnxEvaluator evaluator;
private final PoolingStrategy poolingStrategy;
@Inject
public HuggingFaceEmbedder(OnnxRuntime onnx, Embedder.Runtime runtime, HuggingFaceEmbedderConfig config) {
this.runtime = runtime;
inputIdsName = config.transformerInputIds();
attentionMaskName = config.transformerAttentionMask();
tokenTypeIdsName = config.transformerTokenTypeIds();
outputName = config.transformerOutput();
normalize = config.normalize();
var tokenizerPath = Paths.get(config.tokenizerPath().toString());
var builder = new HuggingFaceTokenizer.Builder()
.addSpecialTokens(true)
.addDefaultModel(tokenizerPath)
.setPadding(false);
var info = HuggingFaceTokenizer.getModelInfo(tokenizerPath);
log.fine(() -> "'%s' has info '%s'".formatted(tokenizerPath, info));
if (info.maxLength() == -1 || info.truncation() != LONGEST_FIRST) {
// Force truncation to max token vector length accepted by model if tokenizer.json contains no valid truncation configuration
int maxLength = info.maxLength() > 0 && info.maxLength() <= config.transformerMaxTokens()
? info.maxLength()
: config.transformerMaxTokens();
builder.setTruncation(true).setMaxLength(maxLength);
}
this.tokenizer = builder.build();
poolingStrategy = PoolingStrategy.fromString(config.poolingStrategy().toString());
var onnxOpts = new OnnxEvaluatorOptions();
if (config.transformerGpuDevice() >= 0)
onnxOpts.setGpuDevice(config.transformerGpuDevice());
onnxOpts.setExecutionMode(config.transformerExecutionMode().toString());
onnxOpts.setThreads(config.transformerInterOpThreads(), config.transformerIntraOpThreads());
evaluator = onnx.evaluatorOf(config.transformerModel().toString(), onnxOpts);
validateModel();
}
public void validateModel() {
Map<String, TensorType> inputs = evaluator.getInputInfo();
validateName(inputs, inputIdsName, "input");
validateName(inputs, attentionMaskName, "input");
if (!tokenTypeIdsName.isEmpty()) validateName(inputs, tokenTypeIdsName, "input");
Map<String, TensorType> outputs = evaluator.getOutputInfo();
validateName(outputs, outputName, "output");
}
private void validateName(Map<String, TensorType> types, String name, String type) {
if ( ! types.containsKey(name)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Model does not contain required " + type + ": '" + name + "'. " +
"Model contains: " + String.join(",", types.keySet()));
}
}
@Override
public List<Integer> embed(String s, Context context) {
var start = System.nanoTime();
var tokens = tokenizer.embed(s, context);
runtime.sampleSequenceLength(tokens.size(), context);
runtime.sampleEmbeddingLatency((System.nanoTime() - start)/1_000_000d, context);
return tokens;
}
@Override
public void deconstruct() {
evaluator.close();
tokenizer.close();
}
@Override
public Tensor embed(String s, Context context, TensorType tensorType) {
var start = System.nanoTime();
var encoding = tokenizer.encode(s, context.getLanguage());
runtime.sampleSequenceLength(encoding.ids().size(), context);
Tensor inputSequence = createTensorRepresentation(encoding.ids(), "d1");
Tensor attentionMask = createTensorRepresentation(encoding.attentionMask(), "d1");
Tensor tokenTypeIds = tokenTypeIdsName.isEmpty() ? null : createTensorRepresentation(encoding.typeIds(), "d1");
Map<String, Tensor> inputs;
if (tokenTypeIdsName.isEmpty() || tokenTypeIds.isEmpty()) {
inputs = Map.of(inputIdsName, inputSequence.expand("d0"),
attentionMaskName, attentionMask.expand("d0"));
} else {
inputs = Map.of(inputIdsName, inputSequence.expand("d0"),
attentionMaskName, attentionMask.expand("d0"),
tokenTypeIdsName, tokenTypeIds.expand("d0"));
}
Map<String, Tensor> outputs = evaluator.evaluate(inputs);
IndexedTensor tokenEmbeddings = (IndexedTensor) outputs.get(outputName);
long[] resultShape = tokenEmbeddings.shape();
//shape batch, sequence, embedding dimensionality
if (resultShape.length != 3) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("" +
"Expected 3 output dimensions for output name '" +
outputName + "': [batch, sequence, embedding], got " + resultShape.length);
}
Tensor result;
if (tensorType.valueType() == TensorType.Value.INT8) {
long outputDimensions = resultShape[2];
long targetDim = tensorType.dimensions().get(0).size().get();
if(targetDim * 8 > outputDimensions) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot pack " + outputDimensions + " into " + targetDim + " int8s");
}
//Dimensionality flexibility 🪆 - packing only the first 8*targetDim values from the model output
long firstDimensions = 8 * targetDim;
String name = tensorType.indexedSubtype().dimensions().get(0).name();
//perform pooling and normalizing using floating point embeddings before binarizing
//using the firstDimensions as the target dimensionality
TensorType poolingType = new TensorType.Builder(TensorType.Value.FLOAT).indexed(name, firstDimensions).build();
result = poolingStrategy.toSentenceEmbedding(poolingType, tokenEmbeddings, attentionMask);
result = normalize? normalize(result, poolingType) : result;
result = binarize((IndexedTensor) result, tensorType);
} else { // regular floating points embeddings
result = poolingStrategy.toSentenceEmbedding(tensorType, tokenEmbeddings, attentionMask);
result = normalize ? normalize(result, tensorType) : result;
}
runtime.sampleEmbeddingLatency((System.nanoTime() - start)/1_000_000d, context);
return result;
}
Tensor normalize(Tensor embedding, TensorType tensorType) {
double sumOfSquares = 0.0;
Tensor.Builder builder = Tensor.Builder.of(tensorType);
for (int i = 0; i < tensorType.dimensions().get(0).size().get(); i++) {
double item = embedding.get(TensorAddress.of(i));
sumOfSquares += item * item;
}
double magnitude = Math.sqrt(sumOfSquares);
for (int i = 0; i < tensorType.dimensions().get(0).size().get(); i++) {
double value = embedding.get(TensorAddress.of(i));
builder.cell(value / magnitude, i);
}
return builder.build();
}
static public Tensor binarize(IndexedTensor embedding, TensorType tensorType) {
Tensor.Builder builder = Tensor.Builder.of(tensorType);
BitSet bitSet = new BitSet(8);
int index = 0;
for (int d = 0; d < embedding.sizeAsInt(); d++) {
var value = embedding.get(d);
int bitIndex = 7 - (d % 8);
if (value > 0.0) {
bitSet.set(bitIndex);
} else {
bitSet.clear(bitIndex);
}
if ((d + 1) % 8 == 0) {
byte[] bytes = bitSet.toByteArray();
byte packed = (bytes.length == 0) ? 0 : bytes[0];
builder.cell(TensorAddress.of(index), packed);
index++;
bitSet = new BitSet(8);
}
}
return builder.build();
}
private IndexedTensor createTensorRepresentation(List<Long> input, String dimension) {
int size = input.size();
TensorType type = new TensorType.Builder(TensorType.Value.FLOAT).indexed(dimension, size).build();
IndexedTensor.Builder builder = IndexedTensor.Builder.of(type);
for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
builder.cell(input.get(i), i);
}
return builder.build();
}
}
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